Structure

Structure in c

Struct is keyword to declare structure

Structure definition

It is collection of dissimilar data element 

Syntax 

Struct structure_name

{ data type 1 var1;

   Data type2  var2;

    .

    .

Data type n var n;

}structure_variable ;

Declaring Structure Variables

It is possible to declare variables of a structure, either along with structure definition or after the structure is defined. Structure variable declaration is similar to the declaration of any normal variable of any other data type.

      Example:
     struct student
      {
         int  mark;
        char name[10];
         float average;
       }S;

   
   Initializing structure using normal variable:

      S = {100, “Mani”, 99.5};

 Accessing structure members using normal variable:
     S.mark;
     S.name;
     S.average;

Array of Structure

We can also declare an array of structure variables. in which each element of the array will represent a structure variable. 

Example :

struct employee emp[5];

The below program defines an array emp of size 5. Each element of the array emp is of type Employee.

#include<stdio.h>

Void main(){

struct Employee
{
    char ename[10];
    int sal;
} emp[5];

int i, j;

    for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        printf("\nEnter %dst Employee record:\n", i+1);
        printf("\nEmployee name:\t");
        scanf("%s", emp[i].ename);
        printf("\nEnter Salary:\t");
        scanf("%d", &emp[i].sal);
    }

    printf("\nDisplaying Employee record:\n");
    for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        printf("\nEmployee name is %s", emp[i].ename);
        printf("\nSlary is %d", emp[i].sal);
    }

}// End of main function 

Structure within structure 

We can define structure within the structure also. It requires less code than previous way. But it can't be used in many structures.

1. Example:

   struct Student
   {
       char name[30];
       int age;
       /* here Address is a structure */
       struct Address
       {
           char  locality;
           char city;
           int pincode;  
       }addr;
   };